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UP TGT Syllabus 2026 and Exam Pattern

UP TGT recruits Trained Graduate Teachers for aided secondary schools in Uttar Pradesh, one paper per subject. Each paper is 100 objective questions of two marks each in two hours — roughly 30 on General Knowledge and 70 on the chosen subject, with no negative marking. This page carries the Board's Social Science (subject code 09) syllabus in full, whose four strands — Geography, History, Economics and Civics — are answered two at a time.

5 papers 130 topics listed UP Secondary Education Services Selection Board (उ0प्र0 माध्यमिक शिक्षा सेवा चयन बोर्ड), Prayagraj UP TGT previous year papers

UP TGT exam at a glance

Conducting bodyUPSESSB, Prayagraj
PostTrained Graduate Teacher (TGT)
Questions100 per subject paper
Marks per question2
Total marks200
Duration2 hours
Negative markingNone
MediumHindi and English (every question printed in both)
Official websiteupsessb.pariksha.nic.in

UP TGT selection process

Each phase has to be cleared before the next one opens.

  1. 1

    Phase 1

    Written examination (100 questions, 200 marks, 2 hours)

  2. 2

    Phase 2

    Interview / merit as prescribed in the advertisement

  3. 3

    Phase 3

    Document verification

UP TGT Exam pattern syllabus

One objective paper per subject. The paper opens with a General Knowledge section common to every subject in a given sitting, then moves to the subject section. Each question carries two marks and there is no negative marking, so the entire paper is worth attempting.

UP TGT subject paper

Questions
100
Marks
200 (2 per question)
Duration
120 minutes
Negative marking
None
SectionQuestionsMarksDuration
General Knowledge≈30≈60
Subject concerned (e.g. Social Science)≈70≈140
Total100200120 minutes

Every question is printed twice — first in Hindi, then in English — with a shared option set. Confirm the section split for your cycle against the Board's advertisement.

UP TGT Social Science syllabus (subject code 09) syllabus

Four sub-subjects: Geography (अ), History (ब), Economics (स) and Civics (द). Per the Board's own note at the end of the syllabus, a candidate must answer the questions of any two of these four.

अ. Geography (भूगोल)

Physical Geography (भौतिक भूगोल)

  • Solar system — origin; shape and motions of the Earth and their effects
  • Solar eclipse and lunar eclipse
  • Determination of latitude and longitude; locating a place on the globe
  • Local and standard time; the International Date Line — its tracing and significance

Lithosphere (स्थलमण्डल)

  • Rocks — origin and types
  • Volcanic activity — types of volcanoes and their world distribution
  • Earthquakes — origin and world distribution
  • Distribution of continents and oceans
  • Mountains and their types; fold mountains; major plateaus of the world and their types
  • Plains and river valleys
  • Erosion and weathering processes; the Davisian cycle of erosion
  • Degradation processes of a river valley; major landforms created by water erosion at different stages
  • Contour lines and the identification of major landforms from contours

Atmosphere (वायुमण्डल)

  • Structure of the atmosphere
  • Insolation and the factors affecting it
  • Horizontal and vertical distribution of temperature; temperature inversion
  • Pressure belts and permanent winds; important local winds
  • The process of precipitation — rain, frost, fog; convectional, orographic and cyclonic rainfall
  • Climatic regions of the world
  • Identification of the symbols used on a daily weather map

Hydrosphere (जल मण्डल)

  • Relief of the oceans
  • Ocean temperature and salinity
  • Ocean currents — origin, direction of flow and climatic effects
  • Tides — processes and theories of origin

Biosphere (जैव मण्डल)

  • Structure of the biosphere
  • Types of vegetation and their world distribution
  • Associated wildlife

Human Geography (मानव भूगोल)

  • Human–environment interrelationship; theoretical discussion — Ratzel, Davis, Semple, Huntington, Vidal de la Blache, Brunhes and Griffith Taylor
  • Discussion of world population growth and distribution
  • Human races — the major races of the world; distinguishing features and distribution of Caucasoid and Mongoloid groups
  • Primitive tribes of the world and their relationship with their habitat, with special reference to the Bushmen, Eskimo, Kirghiz, Masai and Semang

Human Settlement (मानव अधिवास)

  • Forms of rural settlement in the major natural regions and their relation to environment
  • Location and importance of the major metropolises of the world

Economic Geography (आर्थिक भूगोल)

  • Geographical analysis of the major crops of the world — rice, wheat, cotton, sugarcane, sugar beet, tea, coffee and rubber
  • World fisheries, forestry and dairy production
  • Major energy and mineral resources — coal, petroleum, iron ore, manganese, bauxite and copper
  • Factors in the location of the major industries of the world and their distribution — iron and steel, cotton and synthetic textiles, paper, oil refining
  • Major industrial regions — north-eastern United States, Kinki, Ruhr, Ukraine, Canton, Shanghai, Yegyang, the Brazilian plateau, Cape Town–Natal
  • Major trade routes and ports of the world

India (भारत स्थिति)

  • Extent; international boundaries and the geo-political problems associated with them
  • The Indian Ocean and its economic and strategic importance
  • Relief, drainage, origin and characteristics of the monsoon
  • Climatic regions; soils and their interrelation with climate and natural vegetation
  • Deforestation; problems of flood and soil erosion and their solutions
  • Agriculture — foodgrain production, progress and problems; the Green, White and Blue revolutions
  • Geographical distribution and production trends of major crops — rice, wheat, sugarcane, pulses, oilseeds and tea
  • Mineral resources and the problems of their exploitation
  • The energy crisis and its solution — geographical distribution and production of coal and mineral oil; alternative sources of energy
  • Multipurpose projects and the environmental problems associated with them
  • Manufacturing industries — location and distribution pattern of iron and steel, textiles, sugar, paper, cement and aluminium industries
  • Population growth and distribution; problems arising from population
  • Means of transport; foreign trade; major cities and ports

ब. History (इतिहास)

Prehistory and Ancient India

  • Prehistoric cultures — Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic ages and their chief characteristics
  • The Indus Valley civilisation and its salient features
  • The Vedic age — Early Vedic and Later Vedic periods; political, social, religious and economic life
  • Religious movements — Jainism, Buddhism, Bhagavata and Shaiva traditions
  • The Mauryan period — history, society and culture
  • The Gupta dynasty — polity, society and culture
  • The Chola dynasty and its administration

Medieval India

  • The arrival of Islam in India — invasion, impact and influence
  • Foundation of the Delhi Sultanate — the contribution of Qutb-ud-din Aibak
  • Assessment of Iltutmish; the life and achievements of Balban
  • Achievements of Alauddin Khilji
  • The Tughlaq dynasty — Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, Muhammad bin Tughlaq, Firoz Shah Tughlaq
  • Timur's invasion; the Bahmani kingdom; the Sayyid and Lodi dynasties
  • The Mughal dynasty — Babur, Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb
  • Chhatrapati Shivaji — life and achievements

Modern India (1858–1950)

  • Causes, nature and results of the First War of Independence, 1857
  • The nineteenth-century Indian renaissance and the social and religious reform movements
  • Mahatma Gandhi's contribution to the national movement
  • Attainment of independence and India after partition, up to 1950

स. Economics (अर्थशास्त्र)

Economic Theory (आर्थिक सिद्धान्त)

  • Economics — definition and nature; static and dynamic analysis; micro and macro analysis
  • Law of demand and measurement of elasticity of demand
  • Utility analysis; consumer equilibrium through indifference curves; income effect, price effect and substitution effect
  • Law of variable proportions and the law of returns to scale; production function; iso-quant analysis
  • Malthusian theory and the theory of optimum population

Theories of Price Determination (कीमत निर्धारण के सिद्धान्त)

  • Traditional and modern approaches to price determination
  • Equilibrium of the firm under perfect competition, monopoly and monopolistic competition

Central Theory of Distribution (वितरण का केन्द्रीय सिद्धान्त)

  • Ricardo's theory of rent and its modern form
  • Neo-classical and Keynes's theories of interest
  • Knight's theory of profit
  • Wage determination under perfect and imperfect competition

Money and International Trade (मुद्रा एवं अन्तर्राष्ट्रीय व्यापार)

  • Demand for and supply of money; value of money; Fisher and Cambridge equations
  • Inflation, deflation and reflation
  • The present Indian monetary system
  • Modern trends in commercial banking; credit creation
  • Functions of the central bank; quantitative and qualitative methods of credit control
  • Monetary policy in an underdeveloped economy
  • Comparative cost theory; methods of free trade and protection; terms of trade
  • Exchange rate; purchasing power parity theory; balance of payments theory; balance of trade and balance of payments; causes of disequilibrium and remedies
  • International Monetary Fund, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, Asian Development Bank, World Trade Organisation

Public Finance (राजकीय वित्त)

  • Theories of revenue and employment; private and public finance
  • Maximum social advantage theory; optional exchange theory
  • Theory of taxation and its economic effects; taxes and duties; special assessment; taxable capacity; justice in taxation; incidence and shifting of taxes; burden of taxation
  • Objectives and principles of public expenditure; deficit financing; public debt burden and its redemption
  • Sources of revenue and expenditure of the central and state governments
  • Traditional and Keynesian theories of employment
  • Economic systems — capitalism, socialism and the mixed economy

Indian Economy and Economic Development

  • Characteristics of the Indian economy
  • Poverty and development; population trends and population policy
  • Distribution and structure of national income
  • Land reforms; small and marginal farmers; problems of agriculture and their solutions; agricultural marketing
  • Underemployment; visible and disguised unemployment — causes and remedies
  • Problems of industrialisation — new industrial policy; problems of cottage and small industries; labour problems; the role of trade unions in India; industrial disputes
  • Foreign trade in India — structure and modern trends; import substitution
  • Economic development and economic progress; causes of the deficiency of economic development; capital formation; Rostow's stages of economic growth
  • Theories of economic development; the minimum effort thesis; measures of development; technique and the Five Year Plans in India

द. Civics (नागरिक शास्त्र)

Political Theory (राजनीतिक सिद्धान्त)

  • Political science — definition, nature and scope
  • The State — definition and constituent elements; theories of the origin of the state
  • Political concepts — sovereignty, theories of law and punishment, liberty, equality, rights, citizenship
  • Democracy and dictatorship
  • Political ideologies — individualism, liberalism, fascism and scientific socialism

Political Philosophers (राजनीतिक दार्शनिक)

  • Plato, Aristotle
  • Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau
  • Bentham and J. S. Mill
  • Karl Marx
  • Manu, Kautilya and Gandhi

Government and Politics in the Indian Context (शासन एवं राजनीतिक — भारतीय संदर्भ में)

  • Constitution — definition and classification; types of government; parliamentary and presidential; unitary and federal
  • Organs of government — legislature, executive and judiciary
  • Electoral system; the Election Commission; electoral reforms; political parties and voting behaviour
  • The Indian political system — contribution of Gokhale, Tilak, Gandhi, Nehru, Subhash, Jinnah and Dr. B. R. Ambedkar to the national movement
  • The Indian Constitution — main features; Fundamental Rights and the Directive Principles of State Policy
  • The Union Government — President, Council of Ministers, Parliament and the Supreme Court; judicial activism
  • The State Government — Governor, Chief Minister; Centre–State relations
  • District administration; the District Magistrate
  • Democratic decentralisation and Panchayati Raj
  • Problems of Indian democracy — casteism, regionalism and communalism in Indian politics
  • Political parties; the problem of national integration; political parties and pressure groups
  • Indian administration — bureaucracy, Ombudsman, Lokpal and Lokayukta
  • India and the United Nations

Practise the UP TGT syllabus, section by section

Reading the syllabus tells you what is examinable; previous year papers tell you how it is actually asked. Every UP TGT paper on AI Test Planet runs in a real exam interface with worked solutions and a topic-wise breakdown of where you lost marks.

UP TGT syllabus — frequently asked questions

How many of the four Social Science strands do I have to answer?+

Two. The Board's own closing note on the syllabus states that a candidate must answer the questions of any two of the four sub-subjects — Geography, History, Economics and Civics.

What is the UP TGT exam pattern?+

One objective paper of 100 questions carrying two marks each — 200 marks in two hours, with no negative marking. Roughly 30 questions come from General Knowledge and the rest from the chosen subject.

Is the UP TGT paper in Hindi or English?+

Both. Every question is printed twice, first in Hindi and then in English, sharing one set of options.

Which subjects does UPSESSB conduct TGT papers for?+

A separate paper is set for each subject, each with its own numbered syllabus booklet — Social Science is subject code 09. Other papers include Hindi, English, Sanskrit, Mathematics, Physics, Commerce, Agriculture, Music, Law and Urdu.

Syllabus of exams UP TGT aspirants also write

Where this syllabus comes from

UPSESSB syllabus booklet “पाठ्यक्रम — प्रशिक्षित स्नातक, विषय — सामाजिक विज्ञान (09)”, published by the उ0प्र0 माध्यमिक शिक्षा सेवा चयन बोर्ड, 23 Elgin Road, Prayagraj-211002.

Last verified on 13 August 2026.Commissions revise patterns between cycles — confirm anything decisive against the current notification on upsessb.pariksha.nic.in.